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腹泻不用慌 调护有讲究
发布时间:2011-06-20 11:11     来源:君健网

  Q:今年春节回家过年,老爸和外甥爷孙俩患腹泻,半天拉了十几次,尽解黄色水样便,全家人都急死了,乡村医生诊治后说是得了轮状病毒性胃肠炎,请问该病严重吗?得了该病应该怎么办?

   读者:刘先生

  解答专家/广州市中医医院保健科主任中医师林穗芳

  A:轮状病毒性胃肠炎是由轮状病毒(rotavirus)所致的急性消化道传染病,是腹泻最常见的原因之一,可发生流行或大流行。病原体是轮状病毒,属于呼肠病毒科,其对外界有较强的抵抗力,在室温中可存活7个月,在粪便中可存活数日或数星期,主要通过消化道传播。潜伏期通常为2~3天,最短数小时,最长可达1周。起病急,主要临床表现为腹泻,排黄色水样,无黏液及脓血,量多,一般5~10次/d,重者超过20次/d。多数伴有发热,体温在37.9~39.5℃。成人轮状病毒感染有全身乏力、酸痛、头晕、头痛等症状。少数会有肠套叠、胃肠出血、过敏性紫癜、Reye综合征、脑炎等并发症。

  若患了轮状病毒性胃肠炎不要被严重的腹泻所吓倒,不用过于慌张,科学合理的调护既能尽快地恢复健康,又可以保护身边的人。第一,要及时隔离患者,不能共用碗筷等日常用品,避免传播。第二,本病目前尚无特效药物治疗,抗菌治疗无效。主要以饮食疗法和液体疗法等对症治疗为主,也可服用思密达、黄连素等保护胃肠黏膜,减轻炎症反应。因本病多为病情轻,病程短,呈自限性,故可在门诊接受治疗。第三,应特别注意,患病期间要戒口,急性期最好别进食,只适量饮水,恢复期饮食要清淡,忌油腻辛辣难消化食物。

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